Our today's topic is cell organelles and their functions. A cell organelle is a small unit inside a cell. Organs are the units of an organism that performs many important functions. Cell organelles are found basically in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotes. Eukaryotic are cells that have a nucleus within it. They have a very unique structure which is quite complex. Prokaryotes are the organisms that do not have a nucleus. Prokaryotes are cells that are unicellular but there are some cells that are multicellular. There are several types of eukaryotic cell organelles such as chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, vacuole and nucleus. All these organelles have their own functions. Nucleus is popularly called as the brain of the cell. The main function of a nucleus is that it handles all the functions of a cell. Like a brain plays the major role in the body of a human being. Similarly the nucleus does important job. It consists of chromosomes, chromatins, nucleus membrane and a nucleolus. We cannot find a nucleus within a prokaryotic cell. It helps in the maintenance of the DNA and is primarily involved in the process of cell division. It also helps in the transcription of RNA. Another important organelle is endoplasmic reticulum. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. One is known as rough endoplasmic reticulum which helps in synthesizing proteins. Another one is known as smooth endoplasmic reticulum which helps in synthesizing steroids, lipids and carbohydrates. Endoplasmic reticulum helps in the transportation of different materials and proteins within the cell. Another type of organelle is mitochondria. It is popularly known as the powerhouse of the cell. It helps to break the sugar molecules to generate adenosine phosphate. It is used to transport the energy inside a cell. Vacuole is another type of cell organelle. It helps in the storage of sufficient amount of food and water for the cell. It also helps to release out all types of harmful products that are very dangerous for a cell. Golgi apparatus is also a very significant organelle. It is made up of several layers. It is basically involved in secretion of proteins, lipids and glycoprotein. Chloroplasts and centrioles are also other types of cell organelle. The chloroplasts mainly help in the process of photosynthesis. They are found in cells of green colored parts of the plants. The centrioles are basically found in the cells of animals. It has a cylindrical type structure. The centrioles help in the process of cell division. Thus a plant and animal cell both have several organelles which perform some important functions.